Argon fluorohydride (HArF), a compound of argon with fluorine and hydrogen that is stable below 17 K (−256.1 ☌ −429.1 ☏), has been demonstrated. Argon is chemically inert under most conditions and forms no confirmed stable compounds at room temperature.Īlthough argon is a noble gas, it can form some compounds under various extreme conditions. Argon is colorless, odorless, nonflammable and nontoxic as a solid, liquid or gas. Argon is also used in fluorescent glow starters.Ī small piece of rapidly melting solid argonĪrgon has approximately the same solubility in water as oxygen and is 2.5 times more soluble in water than nitrogen.
Argon makes a distinctive blue-green gas laser. Argon is also used in incandescent, fluorescent lighting, and other gas-discharge tubes. Argon is mostly used as an inert shielding gas in welding and other high-temperature industrial processes where ordinarily unreactive substances become reactive for example, an argon atmosphere is used in graphite electric furnaces to prevent the graphite from burning.
Its triple point temperature of 83.8058 K is a defining fixed point in the International Temperature Scale of 1990.Īrgon is extracted industrially by the fractional distillation of liquid air. The complete octet (eight electrons) in the outer atomic shell makes argon stable and resistant to bonding with other elements. The name "argon" is derived from the Greek word ἀργόν, neuter singular form of ἀργός meaning 'lazy' or 'inactive', as a reference to the fact that the element undergoes almost no chemical reactions. In the universe, argon-36 is by far the most common argon isotope, as it is the most easily produced by stellar nucleosynthesis in supernovas. Nearly all of the argon in the Earth's atmosphere is radiogenic argon-40, derived from the decay of potassium-40 in the Earth's crust. Argon is the most abundant noble gas in Earth's crust, comprising 0.00015% of the crust. It is more than twice as abundant as water vapor (which averages about 4000 ppmv, but varies greatly), 23 times as abundant as carbon dioxide (400 ppmv), and more than 500 times as abundant as neon (18 ppmv). Argon is the third-most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere, at 0.934% (9340 ppmv). It is in group 18 of the periodic table and is a noble gas. Argon is a chemical element with the symbol Ar and atomic number 18.
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